Lilly’s Purple Plastic Purse Essay

In the text of Lilly’s Purple Plastic Purse, Lily is in the stage of Pre-operational. According to Jean Piaget, in the pre-operational stage, children develop semiotic function which is an ability to represent an object or action with signs and symbols, such as language, imagery, drawing symbolic games and deferred imitation. At first, Lily likes her teacher Mr. Slinger very much and she wants to be a teacher in the future. When Lily goes back to home, she imitates what Mr. Slinger does in school exactly. She drew a picture of Mr. Slinger when she gets angry with him. Pre-operational children are egocentric. When Mr. Slinger stops Lily not showing her purse at class time, Lily had a hard time being considerate. She talks aloud:† Look, everyone. Look what I’ve got!† without regarding for the classmates and the teacher. At the same time, pre-operational stage children exhibit centration. This can be explained when Lily peeked at her purse in the desk during the class. More important, the development of concepts in pre-operational stage is demonstrated by Lily’s concept of whether to be a teacher or not. When Mr. Slinger treats her well, she’d like to be a teacher while she hates to be a teacher when Mr. Slinger took away her purse. The Three Bears This book demonstrates Lev Vygotsky’s zone of proximal theory of inter-subjectivity. Inter-subjectivity is a process in which two individuals who begin a task with different knowledge and perspectives come to a shared understanding as each person adjust to the perspective of the other. The three bears are a little Wee Bear, a Middle-Sized Bear and a Great Big Bear respectively. They have different size of bowls for their porridges and different size of chairs for reading, different size bed for sleeping. Once Goldilocks came to their house, those different size staffs leave different impression on her. Such as the Great Big Bear’s chair was too hard, the Middle-Sized Bear’s chair was too soft while the Little Wee Bear’s was just right. Also the three bears speak in three level sounds. All these behavior and features reflect that three bears with different knowledge and perspective have shared understanding each other and shared one house. The Sissy Ducking The stage of fidelity: Identity vs. role confusion by Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development is performed exactly in the story of The Sissy Ducking. This stage focuses on who am I and what can I be? Elmer’s peers don’t play with him. He did all the special things and was just out of his peer society. His father was depressed about him. Elmer is sissy, he is unimportant, his father even doesn’t want to regard him as his son, and Elmer is a loser in the world that he lives in. Fortunately, Elmer’s mother has confidence on her son. Truly, Elmer is brave, loyal and ingenuity. Throughout the story, we can see the process that Elmer finds the way to prove himself and find out who he is and what he can be. Ross, M. (2005). Book Review of the Sissy Duckling (2002). School Libraries In Canada (17108535), 24(4), 91-92. Reference Henkes, Kevin. Lilly’s Purple Plastic Purse (1996). Galdone, Paul. The Three Bears (1972). Cole, Henry. (2002). The Sissy Duckling( 2002).

Shakespeare Greatest Playwright of All

William Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a British poet and playwright, he was well known as the greatest writer of all time, he was often called the â€Å"Bard of Avon†. Although many facts of his life remain unknown, his poems and plays are unique and have timeless theme that touch everyone’s heart, and are still widely studied and performed in today’s society. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that led to a new era for England.Shakespeare’s works epitomize arts of the Elizabethan Epoch; through his uses of beautiful and poetic language, iambic pentameter is nearly always used in his style of poetry. Shakespeare wrote about timeless themes about the human nature surrounded themes of true love, revenge, power-lust, ambition, anger, war, etc, they are not only appealed to the people of Elizabethan England, but also provide a reference for life in his time for us to view the contemporary society. Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon Avon in Warwickshire and was baptized on April 26, 1564.His father was a wool merchant and his mother was the daughter of a landowner. The next documented event was his marriage when he was 18 years old to Anne Hathaway who was 26 years old at that time, and they had three children. There was another gap where some scholars referred to as â€Å"the lost years†, then he was working in a theatre in London in 1592. Shakespeare wrote his very first play, Henry VI, Part One in 1589-90, and in  1590-91, Shakespeare wrote Henry VI, Part Two and Henry VI, Part III. Shakespeare's poetry appeared before his plays, his narrative poems Venus and Adonis as his first ever publication in 1593.Then Shakespeare wrote plays began to be noticed by the public, and sooner became popular. During the Renaissance in Europe there was a great innovation of science; the Church had lost some of the corruptive power that once held over Europe, and people were again free to look back upon the pagan scholars and writers of Greece and Rome. Plays by playwrights such as Euripides, Plautus, and Seneca which were once banned by the Church were once again being read and performed. Likewise, the cultural stories of the people were once again being told in public, and playwrights, including Shakespeare, were widely performed.An good example would be Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare used ancient Celtic and Greek mythological figures such as Puck, Oberon, Theseus and placed them in a different time and place, but with their original characteristics. Other plays, such as Romeo and Juliet make references to popular mythological figures like Queen Mab to make the story fit better into their world. Since people of all classes attended plays, playwrights needed to use stories, characters and words that would appeal to everyone.England in the time before the reign of Elizabeth I was under a state of religious turmoil . When Elizabeth I ascended to the throne, she banned the performances all religious plays and stories (except in Church) to help stop the violence over religion. Popular plays were   not longer be performed, and playwrights were now free to concentrate on secular stories. They still contained some elements of religion, as did everyday life in Elizabethan England, but it was not the primary focus, nor did it play a particularly important part of the story.Conventions from Medieval religious theatre found its way into Elizabethan Theatre, however, and Shakespeare made good use of them during their performances, such as using the trap door for the gravediggers’ scene in Hamlet. The Hellmouth and trapdoor, which had been a staple of Medieval Theatres continued to be used, and were built into the permanent theatre structures used in the performances of Elizabethan plays. Shakespeare’s histories, such as Henry V, were a tribute to the Monarch and to the country.Many playw rights and other artists paid homage to their patrons, including Shakespeare. By writing about the glories of England and her former rulers he was paying homage to Queen Elizabeth and England. Since the arts were kept alive by patrons, it was best not to anger one and lose your support. Shakespeare sometimes, such as in Hamlet, criticized the Monarchy, but in a way that would not be obvious or outwardly treasonous. He spoke his mind, but also paid lip service to keep money coming from his patron. Shakespeare was a very prolific writer, because his writings are not totally original.He had help with many of his plays from other writers and actors, such as Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593), resulted people doubting that he himself wrote his plays. King Lear is based on a Celtic myth, and Hamlet is a retelling of earlier versions of the same story. Elizabethan plays use stock-type characters like those found in Comedia Del’Arte and Roman plays, and actors would specialize in specif ic types of roles. The English Renaissance Theatre played a significant part of Elizabethan theatre and Shakespeare's playwright career. The theatre has a proscenium-arch stage, and seatings on hree tiers (stalls, circle and balcony). Shakespeare first worked for Lord Strange's Men in The Rose, it is London’s most historic Elizabethan Theatre on Bankside and a home to many of Shakespeare’s and Marlowe’s first production. When the Globe was built, He worked for the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was also part owner of the Globe itself. People in Elizabethan England were very concerned with the humour, which was a form of medicine and psychology. Shakespeare makes references to them all over in his plays. Hamlet is portrayed as being to Melancholic, with his humours out of balance, and one was dominant over the others.This is not psychology as we know it today, and was why the people from Elizabethan Era believed people were the way they were. Shakespeare used this b elief to make his characters not only believable, but also understandable to his audience. Shakespeare’s works are the greatest representation of art from Elizabethan England politically, economically, and socially. No other art form, including painting, could provide so much information about life in Elizabethan England, we can see the ideas, thoughts, languages, customs, etc throughout his plays. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets and 37 plays in total, including tragedy, comedy, and history.The Four Great Tragedies were his greatest achievement as a playwright, and are greatly studied in English literature, performed in theatre, and made into several films; include Romeo and Juliet (1594), the timeless tale of young lovers whose names were synonymous with star-crossed romance; Hamlet (1600), the revenge drama centering on the introspective Prince of Denmark; Othello (1604), a story of gallant soldier and loving husband was undone by jealousy ; and Macbeth (1605), known as †Å"The Scottish Play†, concerning a nobleman's overweening ambition.These plays focused on powerful central characters with outstanding personal qualities, and the antagonists were their own strengths,   their family, and the society, which would not allow then to get what they wanted. For example, Romeo and Juliet sought for true love, but they were forbidden to love each other because their families were  mortal enemies, and the story ended tragically where Romeo drugged himself and Juliet stabbed herself with a dagger.Audience of all times are   appalled at this paradox and at the inexorability of his characters' fate in which because part of our human nature and the cruelty of our society, we don't always get what we desired deeply. Other tragedies include Julius Caesar (1599), King Lear (1604), Timon of Athens (1607), etc. Comedies include  Merchant of Venice (1596),  Midsummer Night's Dream 1595),  Twelfth Night (1599),  Two Gentlemen of Verona (1594), etc.H istory includes  Henry IV, Part I (1597),  Henry IV, Part II (1597),  Henry V (1598),  Henry VI, Part I (1591),  Henry VI, Part II (1590),  Henry VI, Part III (1590),  Henry VIII (1612),  Richard II (1595),  Richard III (1592), King John, etc. Iambic pentameter is meter that Shakespeare nearly used when writing in verse. The reason why Shakespeare's works are always extraordinary is because most of his plays were written in iambic pentameter, except for lower-class characters who speak in prose.Iambic Pentameter has ten syllables in each line, five pairs of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables. Some examples of Shakespearean Iambic Pentameter is â€Å"Two households, both alike in dignity. â€Å", â€Å"In fair Verona, where we lay our scene. â€Å", â€Å"But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks? â€Å", etc. Shakespeare's influence continued to impact the society today, his  plays are being performed constantly throughout the world.Ever y day, one of his plays is being performed somewhere, and probably more than one place. More than 410 feature-length film and TV versions of Shakespeare's plays or adaption, have been produced, making Shakespeare the most filmed author ever in any language, including Romeo and Juliet (1968), Romeo+Juliet (1996), West Side Story (1961), Gnomeo and Juliet (2011), Othello (1965), Othello (1995), Macbeth (1948), The Tragedy of Macbeth (1971), etc.Some films used Shakespeare as a character, such as  Shakespeare in Love (1998) is a fictional love story about Shakespeare's romance with a noblewoman, at the time of writing Romeo and Juliet. Many universities offer courses on Shakespeare, such as Shakespeare Studies MA from University of Birmingham, Shakespeare special subject courses from University of Cambridge, Shakespeare and Films from University of Notre Dame, Shakespeare Studies from Boston College, etc.

An Overview Of The Transformation And The Expected Changes Of Middle Easts Air Travel Industry

An Overview Of The Transformation And The Expected Changes Of Middle East's Air Travel Industry Introduction: Over the past decade, there has been momentous change in the air travel industry in the Middle East. The rapid expansion of three Gulf-based airlines and the development of three major air travel hubs in the region has brought large amounts of new air service to these cities while the growing route networks of these carriers has put great pressure on other established airlines carrying passengers across the Eastern Hemisphere. Fifteen years ago, the region’s air travel market looked very different. A single airline, government-owned carrier Gulf Air, served as the flag carrier for Bahrain, Qatar, Abu Dhabi, and Oman. It operated services to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania; however, lacking a central hub, it did not aim to service passengers traveling between those regions, focusing instead on origin and destination traffic to the Middle East. Traffic between these continents was left to the carriers based on each end of the route. One example of this is the Kangaroo Route wh ich refers to flights between Europe and Australia. Until the 2000’s, the Kangaroo Route was dominated by Qantas and British Airways who operated the flight with intermediate fuel stops in Southern Asia (Schofield, 2012). These long, point-to-point routes lack the efficiency and economies of scale that a centrally-located hub provides. In 1985, Emirates Airline began operations as a small carrier based in Dubai. This airline would eventually become a major rival to Gulf Air and spark the airline boom in the Middle East (â€Å"Our History†, 2012). Beginning in 2002, the states invested in Gulf Air began to withdraw and form their own state carriers with hubs in the capital of each. By 2006, Gulf Air was fully controlled by Bahrain and Qatar Airways, Oman Air, and Etihad Airways in Abu Dhabi had been formed. Since the inception of these carriers, three have grown dramatically through the expansion of their route networks, fleet sizes, and improvements to the airports at which they are based. These are Emirates, Etihad Airways, and Qatar Airways and have come to be known as the Middle East Three or ME3. In this memo, I will analyze the factors that have enabled the expansion of the ME3 and attempt to determine the effect the growth of these companies has had and will have on other air carriers. Findings: Changes in the Air Travel Market Some of the growth in the Middle Eastern air travel market can be attributed to trends that are affecting the industry globally. Long-haul air tickets have fallen over the past decade making intercontinental travel accessible to many more people. In the market for coach-class travel, consumers have become more price-sensitive and tend to opt for the lowest fare over other factors such as comfort or routing. This has led to the launch of numerous no-frills carriers and caused full-service carriers to increase seating capacity and decrease complimentary services in order to lower ticket prices and better compete. On the other hand, in the premium-class air travel market, competition has become centered on providing the most luxurious product in the sky (Smyth, 2008). The ME3 have outdone each other installing showers, private rooms, bars, and even an entire apartment in their first-class cabins. The introduction of codesharing and airline alliances has also enabled airlines to launch r outes that may previously have been unprofitable. Codesharing allows passengers traveling on one airline to seamlessly connect to a partner airline’s flight and stimulates demand for flights between the hubs of partner carriers. The ME3 all have extensive codeshare relationships with airlines from around the world, allowing them to sell tickets to a greater number of destinations and operate fuller flights (â€Å"What the,† 2005). Qatar Airways is also a member of the Oneworld alliance, enabling them to codeshare with all other member airlines as well as coordinate flight schedules and reciprocate frequent flyer benefits. Middle East Demographics and Geography Changes in the demographics and economies of Middle Eastern countries have also caused demand for air service in the region to grow, making expansion of the Middle East Three possible. Gulf nations have seen extreme growth in population largely due to immigration. Qatar’s population has seen average annual growth of around fifteen percent in the past decade (â€Å"Population growth,† 2015), while the United Arab Emirates has experienced a growth rate of around fourteen percent (â€Å"Demographic profile,† 2011). The population of expatriate and migrant workers in the UAE and Qatar has expanded rapidly as well in the past decade. Eighty-four percent of the UAE’s population and ninety percent of its workforce are made up of migrant workers, many of whom come from India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan (Malit, 2013). This has stimulated great demand for flights between Gulf countries and the home countries of their labor forces to serve workers beginning and ending their contracts and returning home to visit family. There has also been large economic growth in the Middle East. The UAE has averaged 4.66 percent year-over-year GDP growth in the past decade (â€Å"United Arab,† 2015), while Qatar has averaged 3.81 percent (â€Å"Qatar GDP,† 2015). This economic prosperity has created demand for skilled workers, especially in the finance and banking sectors. The Dubai Economic Council has even stated that â€Å"Dubai is heavily dependent on expatriates for continued economic growth and development† (Al Awad, 2008). Many of these expatriate workers come from Europe, East Asia, and North America. As companies open new offices in cities such as Doha, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi and send employees to these cities to conduct business, a great deal of corporate travel to the Gulf region is created, allowing air carriers to launch new routes and add capacity to other business hubs. The ME3 also have a geographic advantage. The hub cities of these carriers are located on or near the shortest route between Oceania and Europe and are centrally located in the Middle East region for connections to other cities in the region. They are also located close to the halfway point for travel between Europe and South Asia. These geographic factors make the ME3 ideally situated for handling connecting traffic between these regions using a hub and spoke model. Struggling Legacy Air Carriers The Gulf-based carriers have benefitted from the struggles and downfalls of other air carriers serving routes also covered by the ME3. A few examples of this are Air India, Kingfisher Airlines, and Qantas. State-owned Air India has faced severe financial woes since it chose to â€Å"aggressively dry and wet lease aircraft was taken to increase market share† in 2006 and unsuccessfully merged with Indian Airlines in 2007, according to an aviation analyst (Manju, 2009). They have since greatly reduced the scope of their operations, cutting routes and selling or leasing their long-haul aircraft to other carriers. The airline sold five of its long-haul Boeing 777 aircraft to Middle Eastern rival Etihad Airways and is focusing on growing its short-haul operations (â€Å"Air India,† 2013). Civil Aviation Minister Ajit Sing cited foreign competition as a cause of the troubles saying, â€Å"The airline cannot be complacent as there a lot of new airlines that are coming in. Both the management and employees of Air India must perform or perish† (Phukan, 2013). Another, younger, Indian air carrier, Kingfisher Airlines, did perish after experiencing a financial crisis stemming from its nonpayment of income taxes and subsequent bankruptcy. The carrier, which had been the second-largest in India by market share, suspended all operations permanently in 2012 (â€Å"Kingfisher Airlines,† 2012). The downsizing of Air India and elimination of Kingfisher from the marketplace has presented itself as a great opportunity for the ME3 carriers. Their hubs are geographically well positioned to serve traffic travelling between India and points westward and they are based in countries with large amounts of migrant labor traffic to India. Qantas Airways had historically dominated the Oceania to Europe market with its well-known Kangaroo Route; however the airline’s long-haul operations have been generating significant losses recently, causing the airline to implement cost-cutting measures and begin a restructuring campaign. This has involved Qantas’ elimination of 5,000 jobs, cessation of flights to Europe, growth of its low-cost subsidiaries, and formation of codeshare partnerships with other carriers to carry the airline’s Europe-bound traffic (â€Å"Qantas responds,† 2014). The Middle East-based carriers have again benefitted from this airline’s reduction in service. They have hubs that lie on the straight-line path between Australia and Europe and are capable of handling large amounts of connecting traffic between the regions. Qantas chose to discontinue its former flagship London service in favor of routing passengers through Dubai on flights operated by codeshare partner Emirat es (Leo, 2012). Future for Expansion The future for the Middle East Three continues to be bright. All three carriers have outstanding orders for significant numbers of large, long-haul, widebody aircraft. Qatar Airways has orders for aircraft that will expand its fleet by over 140 percent (â€Å"Our Fleet†). The Emirates fleet will expand by 130 percent and Etihad’s will grow by nearly 200 percent in the next decade (â€Å"Our fleet,† 2015). All of the ME3 carriers operate the world’s largest passenger aircraft, the 500-passenger Airbus A380. Emirates plans to operate a fleet of 140 of these aircraft and is already by far the largest operator of the aircraft type (â€Å"Our Fleet – The Emirates Experience,† 2015). The carriers plan to add new destinations to their route maps as additional capacity is added into the fleet with Qatar Airways opening at least four new cities within the next year. Etihad Airways has been especially aggressive in growing through the acquisition of stakes in other carriers. Etihad has purchased forty-nine percent stakes in struggling carriers Alitalia and Air Serbia, rebranded Switzerland-based Darwin Airlines as Etihad Regional to feed traffic from smaller European cities onto its Geneva to Abu Dhabi flights, and also has large holdings in Air Berlin, Air Seychelles, Virgin Australia, Jet Airways, and Aer Lingus. The airline has begun what it calls the Etihad Equity Alliance made up of all the carriers in which the airline has significant investment (â€Å"Etihad Airways’,† 2013). The airlines cooperate in a similar fashion to those in the big three traditional airline alliances; coordinating schedules, launching co-branded marketing campaigns, and enacting codeshare agreements. The home base hubs of each of the ME3 carriers are also undergoing significant improvement. Doha, Qatar’s airport was recently completely replaced to provide additional facilities for its main tenant, Qatar Airways and improve the passenger experience (â€Å"Hamad International†). The Dubai International Airport, home to Emirates, is currently completing its expansion Master Plan with a new Concourse D and expansion of Terminal 2 to be completed this year (Jain, 2011). Dubai has also opened a brand new airport called Al Maktoum International Airport to which some smaller carriers have moved, making room for the expansion of Emirates at Dubai International (Cohen, 2010). The Abu Dhabi International Airport is also being expanded with two new runways and an entirely new terminal complex to facilitate Etihad Airways’ growth (â€Å"Terminal Complex,† 2014). The expansion of these airports will allow the ME3 to further grow their operations, reduce congestion, and make the hubs more attractive as connecting points for transiting passengers. Response from Other Carriers Naturally, the extreme growth of the air travel market in the Middle East and the expansion of the Gulf-based airlines have impacted other players in the global airline market. This has led other air carriers to make changes to their operations in response. In order to compete with the ME3, Turkish Airlines has expanded their hub operation in Istanbul to accommodate more connecting traffic. Also well-positioned for handling traffic traveling from Europe to Asia, Turkish Airlines seeks to emulate the hub model of the ME3 in order to remain competitive (â€Å"Turkish Airlines,† 2013). The airline is also expanding its aircraft fleet with its fleet slated to expand by about seventy-five percent (â€Å"Turkish Airlines – Fleet,† 2014). Turkish Airlines is also promoting the construction of the Istanbul New Airport to allow the airline to expand further and alleviate congestion at Ataturk Airport. The development of the Middle Eastern air travel market by the ME3 and the population and economic expansion taking place in the area have also led to the launch of several low-cost air carriers in the region who target more price-sensitive travelers flying shorter routes. Air Arabia was founded in 2003 and operates from Sharjah, in an emirate not served by Etihad or Emirates. Profitable since its first year of operation, the airline’s fleet and route network continue to grow. Competing more closely with Dubai-based Emirates, low-cost carrier flyDubai launched in 2009 operating regional routes with coach-configured aircraft (Hofmann, 2009). They also continue to expand their fleet and move closer toward being a full-service carrier with the addition of a Business Class cabin in 2013 (Algethami, 2013). Fierce competition on the part of the ME3 has led to a number of airlines cancelling long-haul routes that are more easily served by the Gulf region’s hubs. As previously mentioned, the end of Qantas’ Kangaroo Route and their opting to partner with Emirates on the route signal that the ME3’s cost and geographic advantages have significantly impacted the operations of other players in the air travel market. British Airways also ended its Australia service and Air New Zealand cut its version of the Kangaroo Route, opting to fly to Europe via the Pacific with a stop in Los Angeles (Schofield, 2012). Numerous routes within the Middle East have also been impacted. Flights to countries such as Iran, Pakistan, and India have also largely been transferred from the local airlines of each nation to the ME3. The rapid growth of the ME3 has also led to some outcry from other airlines regarding possible unfair advantages possessed by the Gulf-based carriers. In the midst of a movement to begin an Open Skies agreement between the United States and United Arab Emirates in which carriers from each nation would have fewer restrictions on the routes and frequencies they operate between the countries, leaders of United, American, and Delta Air Lines recently issued a joint statement to the Department of Transportation in which they accused the ME3 of receiving â€Å"$42.3 billion in â€Å"quantifiable† subsidies since 2004, accompanied by other benefits including breaks on local airport infrastructure and services, exemptions from corporate taxes and advantages from â€Å"opaque† related-party transactions† and that this â€Å"clearly shows there has been subsidization of these carriers,† representing an unfair advantage (Carey, 2015). Conclusions: There are a number of factors that have enabled the Middle East Three to become dominant global air carriers. The near-dissolution of Gulf Air paved the way for three major hubs to form in Doha, Abu Dhabi, and Dubai, each with an independent airline. Increases in the amount of foreign investment and trade in the region have stimulated business traffic and immigration to the Gulf states, leading to greater demand for air travel. Global trends regarding consumer preferences in air travel purchases has helped validate the hub and spoke and high-density coach class configurations used by the ME3. The struggle and failure of other airlines serving destinations also served by the ME3 has allowed these carriers to easily expand into many lucrative markets. The growth of the ME3 has challenged other carriers to remain profitable on several long-haul routes and led to some effectively saying, â€Å"If we can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em,† and forming partnerships with the Gu lf carriers. The ME3 have helped cultivate the air travel market in the Middle East and enable new startup and low-cost carriers to launch. In order to better compete, some airlines, like Turkish, are attempting to emulate the ME3’s East to West hub model. All signs point to the ME3 continuing to expand for the foreseeable future. Each of the airlines has large aircraft orders outstanding and is working on improvements to its hub airport in order to facilitate further growth. The growth of the airline sector has also had a significant impact on the economy of the countries in which the ME3 are based. The Chairman of the Dubai Civil Aviation Authority said that the aviation industry â€Å"will contribute 32 percent to Dubais GDP by 2020† (â€Å"Thriving aviation,† 2014). The Middle East Three have benefitted from very fortunate geographic, demographic, and economic situations in their home region. Good planning and some possible government subsidies have enabled the rapid growth of these companies over the past decade. These carriers have become a force to be reckoned with in the global aviation market.

Health, Environmental, and Socio-economic Impact of Organic Food Research Paper

Health, Environmental, and Socio-economic Impact of Organic Food Consumption - Research Paper Example Modern times have seen a dramatic increase of organic food consumption. More consumers are drawn towards buying organic food as it is perceived to offer more health benefits and less toxic chemical content. The sales of organic foods in the United States skyrocketed from 1 billion in 2001 to 23 billion in 2008 (Crinnion, 2010). This growth in organic food consumption may be driven by the growing interest of consumers towards healthy lifestyle and environmentally-friendly foods. Unlike inorganic foods, foods which are organically grown are propagated and reared without the use of pesticides, antibiotics, chemical fertilizers and other harmful chemicals (Winter & Davis, 2006). Thus, it possesses high nutritional content and an approximately â…“ less residue of pesticides (Crinnion, 2010; â€Å"Organic Food,† n.d.). In addition, organically grown crops and livestock do not pose a threat into the environment. Various environmental groups claimed that chemicals used in convent ionally propagating crops and breeding livestock contaminate the drinking water, and harm the surroundings (Fookes & Dalmeny, n.d.). However, some researchers argued that some facts about organic foods may be overlooked by consumers. In 2002 the United States Department of Agriculture warned the consumers of the parasites and bacteria found in organic crops. The absence of pesticides and preservatives in organically grown crops makes it more susceptible to bacteria and parasite infection. In turn, consuming organic crops may have an adverse effect to consumer’s health (as cited in Food Marketing Institute [FMI], 2007). This paper seeks to review and explore previous studies on the health and environmental effects of organically grown crops and livestock. This is to determine if the benefits of consuming organic foods outweigh its adverse effects. This paper will also delve into the social and economic impact of organic farming and further technological and research needs. Effects of organic foods in one’s Health A study conducted by Crinnion (2010) found that organic crops contain higher Iron, Phosphorous, Vitamin C as well as Magnesium. These nutrients are seldom found in conventionally-produced crops in the country. Thus, organically grown crops offer consumers a better nutrition. In addition, it contains a high amount of antioxidant phytochemical that repairs damaged cells and helps the body fight heart disease and Cancer. It hampers the development o f cancer cells by reducing mutagenic action of toxic chemicals. However the study conducted by the University of Minnesota found that organic foods contain 9.7 % of E. coli bacteria compared to 1.6% found in conventionally grown crops. Contamination of organically grown crops occurs due to the use of animal manure. Its usage increases the probability of consumers being infected with fecal bacteria. Researchers reiterated that organically grown crops are not considered a â€Å"high-risk food† (Morano, 2004). Organic Trade Association argued that there are no evidences suggesting that organic foods are not safe to consume. Organically grown food was found to possess lower harmful fungi compared to conventionally produced crops (as cited in FMI, 2007). A high amount of residue from toxic chemicals is commonly found in conventionally grown crops. This chemical residue may lessen the chances of procreation or giving birth. Seven hundred women who reported to be constantly exposed to pesticides were found to have high rate of miscarriage. Another longitudinal study conducted by University of Denmark found that women who have high amount of pesticide particularly Dieldren in their bloodstream are more at risk of developing breast cancer. Dieldrin is considered as one of the most common pesticides used in conventionally grown crops in previous years. Exposure to high level of Dieldrin causes

A Business report of British electricity distributor industry Term Paper

A Business report of British electricity distributor industry - Term Paper Example Other than enabling consumers to access electricity, electricity distribution industry also creates employment, enhances investment and promotes economic growth. This report examines the structure of electricity consumption industry, including the firms that make up the industry and their market share. It also explains the reason for the chosen structure. Furthermore, this report analyses the contribution of the electricity distribution industry to the economy. It also provides a critical analysis of sustainability targets on business plan for the industry as well as the factors that contribute competitive advantage for the electricity distribution industry in UK. The market structure of UK electricity distribution industry is an oligopoly. An oligopoly is a market structure which involves the domination of a few firms in an industry, although smaller firms with small market shares may exist in the market. In this case, a few firms may be concentrated. The UK electricity distribution industry consists of six large electricity distributors with a total of 90% market share. The remaining market share is held by smaller networks owned and operated by Independent Network Operators (IDNOs) which operate within the areas covered by the larger firms. The market shares of major British electricity Distribution Networks (DNOs) is divided by regions, as shown in appendix one. Each serves specific region. The six distributors by region include: UK Power Networks, Western Power Distribution, SSE Power Distribution, SP Energy Networks, Northern Powergrid, and Electricity Northwest. In a competition newsletter of 2014, UK Power Networks (UKPN) analysed the market share of its distributors in its designed regions. The newsletter categorised the market share into three: Eastern Power Networks plc (EPN), London Power Networks plc (LPN) and South Eastern Power Networks plc (SPN). The market shares for the three distributors are

Economic topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economic topic - Assignment Example This paper, therefore, explains the empirical evidence on different roles played by the history and geography on the international finance and how they are inter-connected in improving the investors desires in the market. Over the recent years, geography has been seen as the growing interests of the international finance, particularly, on the studies of using the gravity models. The models were being used to determine the direction of the cross border financial flows and stocks. Using this approach, the bilateral trade in assets is deemed to increase depending with the size of the country and also decline with information asymmetries and transaction costs. This is because they are being captured by geographical distance and the variables relating to it (Portes and Rey, 2005). Furthermore, there has been a lot of empirical work on the gravity but has taken place without a theoretical foundation which can stand firm on the matter of financial holdings for cross-border. Anderson and van Wincoop (2003) gave an analysis that the estimated gravity equations which are not being founded in economic theory can result to biased estimations since some variables are omitted. It also leads to comparatives with an incorrect static analysis which doesn’t consider the general equilibrium effects of changing the cross border barriers. Different sources of literature such as Clemens and Williamson (2004) highlight the important trend and progress of the financial globalization since 1990s although it has not analyzed the historical forces which have influenced the international investment for a longer period of time. The existing literature also doesn’t highlight the applicability and generality over time of the emphasized factors on the standard framework. These shortcomings aroused the interests of writing this paper in order to be addressed accordingly. The paper gives a clear discussion on the issue by estimating the gravity model the international investment u sing an example of information on Us investors’ holdings. The history an effect is being tested through the past holdings influenced the current holdings (Eichengreen and Irwin, 1998). The aspect on how the past investment influences the current investment is through the fixed costs. The empirical evidence and literature theories have shown the permanent impacts on trade patterns as a result of mart penetration. This is due to the fixed costs incurred by firms when entering into the new market which they can’t get when exiting the same market (Dixit, 1989). The passing shocks of literatures can be cumulated to impact a more powerful still which can lead firms to penetrating the market and have the ability to learn more about the market in question thereby, have the advantage of having the initial information of the market. This helps many organizations to analyze the conditions of the current market with the information contained of the past before deciding on which st rategy to be used in penetrating the larger market. In simple terms, the historical theories and literature helps many companies to be prepares on the impacts as many firms have been penetrated in the past. As it is currently penetrating, hence, there

Multiculturalism in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Multiculturalism in Britain - Essay Example Any perfect society embraces and cherishes the notion of cultural diversity and it encourages interactions between members of different cultures. In Britain, multiculturalism, when it was developed in the 1970s, had inter-cultural integration as its main objective. The foundation of the policy was based on â€Å"commitment to equal respect and an interpretation of equality as meaning that non-assimilation is acceptable† (Parekh 5). This means that the policy would ensure that communities lived harmoniously in the country without having to loose their identity and cultures. The multiculturalism policy in Britain has resulted in the presence of composite and hybrid identities that are not really common in other European countries. However, some groups in the country have taken advantage of the flexibility of this policy to advance their own personal and mainly selfish agendas. This has seen the rise of extremists groups in the country and a large portion of the population blames multiculturalism for giving extremists a chance to carry out their terrorist activities within the country. This has raised a lot of confusion and caused a lot of tensions with some communities being specifically targeted by others for deportation from the country. Multiculturalism, while its intentions are noble, has its own drawbacks that include freedom and possibility limitations (Slack). It is also seen by many as a means of legitimizing racism, hence the notion that it is divisive (Murray). In the past government efforts to bring national cohesion were compromised by attempts to bring up the question of xenophobia and racism within the populace. It remains to be seen what exactly it is that the coalition government led by Cameron will achieve in terms of putting in place measures to preach peaceful co-existence and acceptance in different communities that are represented in the country (Parekh 23). Cameron’s remarks that multiculturalism policy has failed should have b een accompanied by suggestions on how to make the situation better. The government has been for the last few years been at the forefront in condemning the actions of extremist groups, especially Islamic extremists who are out to cause mayhem and panic among Britons. There have been a number of successful crackdowns on these groups, but there is widespread fear that the entire Islamic community is being targeted. The government can do better to ensure that no one feels threatened by these crackdowns or by the extremists. The Labour Party has its own Prevent Strategy which seeks to prevent violent extremism in Britain. The question is whether such a policy would enhance cohesion or cause even more tension in a country that already has reservations about accepting certain people in its midst. Many Muslims in the country have discredited the Prevent Strategy which they claim is being used as a spying mechanism on them (Modood 97). It is clear that the Prevent strategy would not really w ork at the moment since a lot of communities would feel targeted. What Britain needs is a well planned integration policy that encourages communities to live together without prejudice. 2002 Home Office White Paper stated that â€Å"

Creation of a Teaching environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Creation of a Teaching environment - Essay Example Each learning experience is unique and necessitates different needs, and so they may need a different rubric to address these unique needs of the student. The designing of a rubric can be cumbersome task but at the same time a rewarding and useful experience to nurse educators. Nowadays, health care environment is becoming more complex and diverse. There are an increasing number of patients from at-risk populations as well as an increase in the number of chronic diseases that need to be managed in a community setting. This complex and diverse scenario makes it mandatory on the part of the nurse educators to ensure that their graduates have the skills necessary to be leaders in this healthcare environment (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2008). The utilization of innovative strategies will assist the nurse educators to apply various teaching methods to facilitate learning to ensure core competencies attainment amongst the students, as well as during teaching and mentoring newer nurses. (Billings & Halstead, 2009). This paper will examine the core competencies needed by graduates of today’s nursing programs and how nurse educators can facilitate learning and attainment of these competencies needed for safe evidence-based practice. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) has formulated nine essentials competencies that graduates should posses by the end of their various nursing program. These competencies are stated in a different manner by the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC) as well as various other stakeholders of nursing education, but they fully support it. (Billings & Halsted, 2009; The National League for Nursing, 2005). This paper will discuss the core competencies of scholarship for evidence based practice, inter-professional communication/collaboration skills, the use

History J2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History J2 - Essay Example ense moment of Christianity suppression process came in the year 1635 as a result of the 1635 edicts which forbid the Japanese from any affiliation with foreigners especially the foreign missionaries. The Japanese people were forced to denounce Christianity through either reward or punishment. The rewards included a high political role in the society while the punishment was basically death and intense torture (Laver, 2011). The 1635 edict demanded for all incoming ships to be investigated for Christian priests before entering Japan. A reward was offered if any high ranking priest was located and presented to the authorities. Foreign ships which brought goods to Japan were investigated of any Christian influence. The Japanese citizens were forbidden from leaving or entering the country after staying in overseas for a long time. The Japanese authorities were thorough in their investigation of traces of Christianity. All these steps were focused towards the complete suppression of Chri stianity. Trade was immensely affected by the 1635 edicts. The Japanese natives were refrained from buying directly goods from foreign ships. Goods that originated from foreign ships were bought directly from Nagasaki where Chinese merchants operated their businesses. All the Japanese currencies brought by foreign ships were distributed to local traders in cities. Direct trade between the Japanese traders and foreigners ended in 1636 when the departure date for foreign ships was set on the 20th day of the 29th month. This day was set by the Japanese trade authority and included in the 1635 edict (Laver, 2011). The Japanese shoguns were affected by the 1635 edict as they were forbidden from leaving the country and interacting with the communities that were overseas. The Japanese shoguns that had travelled overseas were forbidden from entering the country as they were thought to have acquired foreign influence which was basically loyal to Christianity and practiced the missionaries’

Human Behavior and the Environment Final project Research Paper

Human Behavior and the Environment Final project - Research Paper Example Together with the children, Luis is fluent in English although their first language is Spanish. When working on the vineyard, Luis began to experience unusual fatigue, felt unsteady, had some numbness and blurred vision, attributing them to the hard work. One day after experiencing total numbness in his lower back and legs, he was taken to hospital and was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, leading to him being hospitalized for rehabilitation. It is apparent that the behavior of Luis Perez is greatly influenced by his relatives, especially his parents. Being the youngest son, Luis was brought up by Ramon and Carmen in a strict catholic setting, therefore influencing him to adopt a catholic based behavior and the moral values associated with Roman Catholics. This influence can be seen in the way Luis decides to get into an early marriage with Maria, when he was just 20 years old and she was 19. Before they got married, their courtship was closely monitored and chaperoned by a great aunt to Luis. Ramon and Carmen are determined to keep their traditions alive within their family, therefore influencing Luis to make his marriage as traditional as possible in terms of roles. When his father Ramon dies, Luis tries to make funeral plans but is deterred by his mother Carmen as she does not let him make decisions. This makes him experience high levels of stress, especially financial stress that makes him pressurize his son Rolando to delay gong to college so that he can help with the family business. The desire for his business to succeed influences him to direct his son to quit education plans despite the fact that they migrated to America to access better education. The pressures in his life also contribute to his behavior, as seen in the way he struggles to earn a living. He works long hours in the vineyard and then tries to market his

Capstone Checkpoint Essay Example for Free

Capstone Checkpoint Essay Looking back over the past nine weeks I must say that a large amount of valuable information has been presented to our class. The reading material, assignments, and class discussions have taught me some valuable lessons in the area of nutrition. The assignment that I learned the most from was the Week Two assignment about the digestive system. I now understand how the body uses the different types of food, the path food takes as it enters the body, and how the organs, including the salivary glands work together in the digestive process. However, my favorite part of Week Two came through the class discussions in the area of home remedies. I learned how a change in diet can prevent or help to cure digestive disorders. For example, Diverticulus can be treated at home by drinking plenty of fluid and eating fiber rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, etc. I enjoyed this part the most because I was forced to take medicine for an extended period of time and I really did not enjoy that experience. Therefore, learning natural ways to bring relief was truly refreshing for me.  Checkpoint from week one, three day diet analysis instructed me how to begin eating healthier. I made the necessary changes in my diet and by the time I reached the three day analysis for week six, I noticed some major changes in my eating habits. Currently I notice the different foods on my plate and the nutritional value that each has to offer. I refrain from eating meals (other than grains for breakfast like cereal or oatmeal) that does not include fruits or vegetables. Even on those days when I stop by a fast food place and grab a burger I avoid the fries, and I ask for extra pickles, lettuce, and tomato, to add more nutrients to the sandwich.

Define The Concept Of Culture Essay Example for Free

Define The Concept Of Culture Essay ‘Culture’ is the ways in which a society lives. A culture may share the same religions, beliefs, values, class or status, a culture can dress in a certain way and act in a way that follows the norms of how their society carries out life and what they deem as acceptable, culture can shared by a large group of people or a smaller group within society. For example there are ‘subcultures’, a subculture is a small group which have different way of life opposed to the majority of society; they may dress, talk and act in a different way. An example of subculture is a religious group, being a part of a religion may mean that people that are part of it dress differently, and have different values and ideas on life and live in a different way to the majority in society. Another example of a culture is ‘popular culture’ this is a culture that involves a large majority, and is highly influenced by the media, for example football is a sport that is frequently covered by the media by television, radio, news etc. And is a popular sport with a large following; other examples of pop culture are: pop music, bingo and mainstream fashion. Pop culture has a variety of people from different backgrounds being part of the same thing called a common culture which is shared by the masses. ‘High culture’ is another example of a culture that is shared with people and their families from a ‘higher class’. People that are part of the high culture are wealthy and have an ascribed status or come from a family with an ascribed status, meaning that they or the head of the family worked towards their success/wealth. They take part in activities associated with upper class such as: polo, lacrosse, hunting, and watching arts such as operas, ballets, orchestras. High culture attempts not allow people who are not from the same class or have the same status as them to join in with their clubs and activities this is called ‘social closure’ but this is difficult as more people can achieve super rich lifestyles, buying their way into high culture that may of came from a low class background. Pop culture is known as ‘low culture’ as people from ‘high culture’ are meant to be higher compared to them in class and status, th erefore people from low culture would not be wanted in high culture activities.

The representation of family on TV

The representation of family on TV The term nuclear family can be defined as a husband, wife and their two children; however in the last decade the framework through present television shows such as Modern Family Season 1-Episode 1, Simpsons episode Sweethome Homediddly Do and The Osbournes Episode Fight Club have begun to dismantle the hegemonic structure of the nuclear family when dysfunctional family members are torn from morally right decisions and left to their own deceptive behaviours. Modern Family, which was created by Sky 1, presents a very live action that contains gay parents and a dysfunctional family with a set of values. (Midgley, 2009). The Osbournes which, Ozzy is the rock and roll icon and father, does not take charge in helping the kids through conflict, but relents his role and gives his wife the responsibility of the children and household. Furthermore, The Simpsons, shows portrayal of hyper-vigilant mothers, who worry too much and the sorts of insane baby activities that occur at these groups was spot-on, and Homer and Marges junk food binge made up for some of the sloppiness in the main plot (Animation, 2009). The episode Sweethome Homediddly Do represents a comical view of a dysfunctional family which conflict arises then is resolved at the end. This essay will argue how Modern Family Season 1 Episode 1, Simpsons Episode Sweethome Homediddly Do and The Osbournes have manufactured dysfunctional chaos by making absurd decisions, reacting with wrong actions, coupled with out of control reactions, regretting their decisions with tremendous guilt and lastly, the constant shift in traditional power struggles are all challenging the boundaries of the hegemonic structure. These shows depict the underlining regression that has prevailed throughout societys deteriorating values to be acceptable and the norm of a nucleus family. ABC and MTV have addressed the overwhelming cry of broken relationships and to the rise of homosexuality, along with mixed signals of blended and single parenting society. The new direction of television sitcom is reflecting and desensitizing the family nucleus from what the truth is and what is morally right and acceptable. Families that are drawn to watch and to be entertained by dysfunctional chaos are now c hallenged to either accept or revolt to what they see. Modern Family is a show about when a family agrees to be interviewed by a documentary crew, they have no idea just how much theyre about to reveal about themselves. (Modern Family Synopsis, 2011) The main theme about the show is But thats the thing about family: no matter how badly you behave, hopefully theyll forgive (Modern Family Synopsis, 2011). No matter how absurd the situation of day to day accounts that are within the three eccentric families now portrays a family consisting of either blended single parents and same sex families that has been the regression of family nucleus fostered by the entertainment industry and advertisers alike catering to a fallen generation. Television networks and advertisers work together with the Nielsen ratings influence the of ideological impact on society. A form of manipulation formulated in predictable ways are what dictates the direction of all involved. http://tvsurveillance.com/2010/10/20/25000-people-are-good-enough-the-hegemonic-impacts- of-the-nielsen-television-ratings-system/ Neglect to tackle moral issues of adoption by same sex couples, co-habitation of couples under no authoritative leadership within the household are all fundamental issues that are disenthralled by light hearted entertainment that doesnt deal with the heart of the matter but focuses on communication breakdown. As seen in Season 1 Episode 1, Modern Family contains three different couples with children, one being family patriarch Jay Pritchett met the stunning Columbian Gloria Delgado which they both have a son. The second family, Jays daughter, Claire, is having a hard time raising her own family. Her husband Phil is great, except for the fact that he thinks hes down with their teenage kids, much to their embarrassment. Claires brother Mitchell and his enthusiastic partner Cameron have just adopted Lily, a precious little baby girl from Vietnam (Modern Family Synopsis, 2011). Modern Family pushes the limits of a normal family introducing new problematic issues usually never talked about in public and reinforces a dysfunctional family. 20th Century Fox Television largely developed this sitcom in a documentary fictitious style to facilitate modern families already familiar with bizarre and unpredictable storylines where only parents are faced with these kinds of situations. The real life home problems are embellished to make the situations so absurd that humour and light-headedness is the key emphasis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Family There are assigned roles within Modern Family, for example, Phil provides nurturing and love, while Claire holds the house together with structure (Groner, 2009). But that moment of sanity is far outweighed with real issues such as the two gay men kissing in bed. As Jeremy Clyman states, the whole ideology of this TV series is to have the theme Anything goes. All will be forgiven. Here again, this depicts that there are no boundaries and children of healthy moral families need to be nurtured with love consisting of boundaries and discipline for proper development or moral behaviour. With utterances of dont upset your mother, youre groundedeveryone can forget Christmas this year are all common household daily threats that consumer culture between the ages of 12 to 25 contend with and can relate to. When I said dysfunctional I meant it, but on the upside, no pattern proves too problematic; no rule too rigid (Clyman, 2010). Yet the episode gives no solid answers of moral issues concerni ng discipline and lifestyles. The episode contends with the issue of gays having the right for adoption but the sitcom contradicts this with the nerdy men afraid of their new role and responsibility, for example who will tell the baby he/she doesnt have a mom. An episode from Modern Family Season 1 Episode One, starts off with a very dysfunctional Phil yelling for his kids and Claire yelling at them first thing when they come down the stairs about not texting (Winer, 2009). The first episode of Modern Family depicts a real dysfunctional family where it is evident that Claire takes charge of the family but overpowering Phil in this episode. The value systems in Modern Family are seen to be as Jeremy Clyman Inherited patterns and invisible rules have some kinks in the armour but all flaws are redeemable (Clyman, 2010). Another example which challenges the hegemonic of a nuclear family is the presence of the gay couple in Modern Family, (lawyer and breadwinner Mitchell and self-described stay at home dad/trophy wife Cameron) (Choudhary, 2010). This defeats the purpose of a well rounded nuclear family as seen as through the Clevers or Leave it to Beaver. Mitchell and Cameron have a adopted son who they both share and take care of, through the 21st century, television sitcoms are becoming more gay and lesbian icons which the viewers are adapting to. The hegemonic ideology of a perfect family seen as a father, mother and two children, show viewers that the family ideology has shifted dramatically due from Leave it to Beaver to a show like Modern Family which reinforce social attitudes of everything goes while breaking down moral prejudice that once was evident but now lost in society. Furthermore, Simpsons is portrayed through animation which contains a typical middle class family situated in the town of Springfield consisting of the character Homer Simpson, who is lazy, overweight, slow witted father with his hapless wife Marge; and their son Bart who is a underachieving and proud of it (Tueth). The Simpsons became a hit television show due to the framework of a dysfunctional but yet happy family. The episode Home Sweet Homediddly Dum Diddly starts off with Marge taking the leading role of a typical housewife which was represented in the 1950s, as a wife who can cook and clean. Lisa, the bright daughter who continually succeeds in school is brought down and asking for newspapers for her school project while Bart comes down for breakfast with Dracula fangs and puts I am stupid on the back of Maggies back. This episode and Simpsons alone challenges the hegemonic ideology of the nuclear family because Homer is a fat father who does not put any effort into the chil dren or into any work. No discipline or respect is evident, with the kids ruling the house through typical behaviour of todays generation of unruly children, while the parents are stressed out and ignore what just happened. This type of class structure that is seen throughout this episode is a middle class American family that can only afford the necessities to live. For example in this episode, Homer gets Marge a pair of Spa gift certificates and she thinks he actually bought them while he got the Spa gift certificates for free for test driving a car (Groening, 2007). Another example from this episode is when Bart is getting his school picture taken then teacher Ms. Krabappel tells him to stop moving while she sees lice coming out of his hair (Groening, 2007). Homers Father is passed out lying on the coach with a mess everywhere; the child services crew comes and takes a picture and with that evidence the kids are taken to the child services. This is a key example how dysfunctional the Simpson family is and can relate now to majority sector of real-life modern family at a more subtle attack on the basic structure of the nuclear family of having a father that works and a stay at home mother who takes care of the children. Since Marge and Homer havent raised a normal family, their children also act in accordance with social norms, in essence complying with the accepted ideology of class (Jaffer, 2010). The ideology shown of class through the Simpsons is the middle class American Family and dysfunctional but at the end of each episode they always come together and unified into one happy family. Family structure may be questioned in the Simpsons sitcom where Homer manages to get himself into constant trouble with Marge, as she questions his sense of judgement; and their son Bart, out of control, playing pranks phone calls to Moes Bar, playing on words asking for a person named Al Coholic; having the bar owner calling out the word Alcoholics to his patrons. These are subliminal messages to the audience in the form of light-hearted entertainment via cartoons, not intended for children in their informative years of development. The last episode I will examine will be the Osbournes and how the Osbourne family challenges the hegemonic ideology of the nuclear family through their own life struggles as celebrities. Pieto states, the Osbournes, on the other hand, through their reality-based show, exemplify the American ideology of upward mobility. The reality of The Osbournes affluence is an ideological fiction for most working-class Americans (Pieto, 2009). Subsequently, Ozzy Osbourne known as Prince of Darkness is the front man icon from the 70s, as a pioneer of heavy metal music with a band called Black Sabbath, influencing audiences with drug use, sex and women. Ozzy brings home his abusive lifestyle and tries to stay on top of chaos with his slurred speech impediment and shaky hands, due to his rebellion of past drug and alcohol abuse. The pop sub-culture of his era accept this because of his innate stardom and huge following. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne The Osbourne family is far from the id ealistic nuclear family, with troubles magnified by MTV commercial success and exposure to worldwide fans endorsing his dark acts of elicit behaviour such as biting a bats head off on stage. Ozzys concerns is not being a role model but delegates Sharon, his wife not only to be his manager but to handle all the chaos at home. He shuts down when it comes to decision making and turns to Sharon for help. The children have grown up with this hierarchy in the family and now demonstrate it amongst each other in chaos and disrepect. Comparing the Osbournes to the Cleavers show, demonstrates how June plays the peacemaker and defers the authority and problem on Wards shoulders. At the end of the day, they all laugh together as a family. This is a classic scene of a nuclear family, where the conflict is resolved through harmony and that submission is given to parental authority. However, the Osbournes challenge the hegemonic ideology of the nuclear family because rocker father Ozzy, demonstrates his father roll secondary to his rock roll performances always escaping parental leadership being absent from their lives. Through the episode of Fight Club of Osbournes, the form and structure is similar to Leave it to Beaver about the conflict. This episode tries to configure the different narratives the of celebrity and narrative of fatherhood. Ozzy as a figure tries to combine and tries to reconcile these two characters where you find on MTV and Leave it to Beaver. As seen through this episode of Fight Club of the Osbournes, the children Kelly and Jack do not get along and are always fighting; for example, they push each other non stop in the kitchen and always swearing at each other. The Osbournes have a similar narrative of a family sitcom where the conflict is resolved at the end. Furthermore, the realism that Osbournes represent to the audience is manufactured by the television producers, manipulating by editing and non-stop filming to get the desired results they want shown to the working class Americans and their pop culture of that era. Television producers use the power of freedom of speech to coerce desired fabricated results, giving them total control on the part of the participants to have influence in advertisers appeal and ratings that bring in money. http://www.nyu.edu/pubs/counterblast/osbournes.pdf In conclusion, this generation has degenerated and has fallen short from the traditional nuclear family containing a father, mother and children and this has formed the ideological substratum of television on a whole. As the ideological framework has been corrupted by 21st century, family sitcoms such as Modern Family, Simpsons, and The Osbournes, have challenged the idealistic family set of values introducing alternative lifestyles, blended families or single parent and furthermore same sex parents. These shows have become to dismantle and challenge the true meaning of a traditionally nuclear family. As seen through Leave it to Beaver is a prime example of a traditional nuclear family, the ideal American family a father and a mother, bound to each other by legal marriage, raising children bound to them by biology is a stubborn relic, a national symbol that has yet to be retired as threadbare and somewhat unrealistic (Benfer, 2001). Modern Familys gay couple Cameron and Mitchell are challenging the hegemonic ideology of the nuclear family every time it airs on television. They have taken one step further and have allowed scenes where the two men have kissed. These kinds of scenes are orchestrated to push the limits of what is allowed to desensitize the impressionable children growing up in this generation. Television is now targeting to more the Gay and Lesbian audience and is trying to show how a gay couple can actually live with an adopted child. This medium justifies what is already evident in our traditional culture and glorifies it to win the favour of its views. Furthermore, the animated sitcom Simpsons brings a humorous way of attacking the audience through the lazy Homer and the adolescence kid, Bart who consistently gets into trouble. Bart is looking for attention in the wrong way and as a child is behaving like an adult gone bad. His pranks and jokes are have an underlying connotation to them, demeaning his peers around him. Whereas The Osbournes shown through a celebrity and realism depicts Ozzys personality as a rock star and a father out of control. Sharon is the structure of the household keeping both kids and Ozzy in line, but their family is so dysfunctional there is always a conflict in the episode but the viewing audience never reaches a learning curve to their situations. It only leaves a distasteful appeal to critically analyze where did Osbournes success get them? As the 21 century seems to challenge the idealistic family set of values through living as single parents, unmarried partners or blended, gay and lesbian families as problematic (Benfer, 2001), this shows how the ideology has shifted dramatically and Modern Family, Simpsons and Osbournes have taken the ideology of the nuclear family and have set a different set of values to appeal to the viewers of the television. ABC and MTV has manipulated the television medium by giving a band-aid to its viewers, re-enforcing what families are dealing with, such as broken relationships and the rise of homosexuality in the nuclear family. The television producers manipulate by editing and selective script writing to get their message across to desensitize the family nucleus and to justify that this is the way our generation is. This enforces no family structure or accountability for unmoral lifestyles. Animation and realism intrigue the audience in the form of entertainment through the representati on of a comical viewpoint that entices the audience to want to view more. Constant exposure to dysfunctional chaos has the danger of excepting what the culture trend of our generation pushes, if we do not take action and be guided by our own convictions. If not, then television shows have an important role to play in setting our social attitudes and breaking down prejudices whether they are good or bad. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/entertainment/tv-hit-from-us-about-quirks-of-modern-parenting-strikes-a-chord/story-e6frf96f-1225872285000 If we do not take a stand, then sitcoms such as Modern Family, Simpsons and Osbournes will be our voice to the next generation which is our children.

Gender Roles in Macbeth Essay -- GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

Gender Roles in Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although written long ago, Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Macbeth still has themes relevant for contemporary society.   Murderous ambition, political intrigue, crafty social alliances, the disintegration of marriage – these could be headlines from any daily news program.   It comes as no surprise, then, that we also find a significant number of moments in the play where gender seems to be an issue. More specifically, we might say that Shakespeare's dramatic investigation into proper uses of power consists, in part, of a rigorous critique of the disparities between the respective roles assigned to men and women. Shakespeare seems especially interested in the moral and ethical implications of such discrepancies. In the interest of space and time, I will focus here on only a few brief moments from act one. However, I encourage you to note the further development of these points as the drama unfolds in subsequent scenes. In the very first scene of Macbeth we learn what Duncan and his people value in masculine identity. When the sergeant staggers in to report what he has seen of Macbeth in battle, we are given an image of a thane who is steeped in gore: For brave Macbeth (well he deserves that name), Disdaining Fortune, with his brandish'd steel, Which smok'd with bloody execution, Like Valour's minion carv'd out his passage, Till he fac'd the slave; Which ne'er shook hands, nor bade farewell to him, Till he unseam'd him from the nave to th'chops, And fix'd his head upon our battlements. (1.2.16-23) The king's response to this account is especially telling: "O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman!" (1.2.16-24) demonstrates as much appreciation for the manner in which Macbeth overcame h... ...41). By play's end, we are confronted with her madness, the result of an excruciating tension between her identity as a woman and the desire to accommodate a misconceived and fatally monstrous masculinity. Although I do not intend here to resolve the question of gender in Macbeth (actually, I hope to provoke further thoughts on interpretation), I do wish to note that Shakespeare has forcefully bound the cultural problem of violence to the promulgation and validation of the roles a community assigns by sex. Read the play; attend a performance; consider the moral and ethical implications bound up in the plot of a would-be king who sheds true manhood even as he fulfills the masculine ideal. Works Cited: Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 7th ed. New York: Longman, 1999.

Elizabeth Bishop And Her Poem filling Station Essay example -- essay

Elizabeth Bishop and Her Poem "Filling Station" Elizabeth Bishop's skill as a poet can be clearly seen in the thought- provoking poem entitled Filling Station. She paints the different language levels of poetry with the skill of an artist-- she seems to have an eye for detail as she contrasts the dark and dim reference of a filling station to a more homey, pleasant atmosphere. Bishop aptly arranges her words and expressions through the language devices of voice and metaphor. In Filling Station, Bishop uses tone of voice brilliantly, through the use of phonetics, to create the poem's initial atmosphere. The opening seems to be offering a straightforward description of the filling station: "Oh, but it is dirty!/ -this little filling station,/ oil-soaked, oil-permeated/ to a disturbing, over-all/ black translucency". A closer inspection of the passage reveals quite a visual oil-soaked picture. This is created in large part by the oily sounds themselves. When spoken out-loud the diphthong [oi] in oil creates a diffusion of sound around the mouth that physically spreads the oil sound around the passage. An interesting seepage can also be clearly seen when looking specifically at the words "oil-soaked", "oil-permeated" and "grease- impregnated". These words connect the [oi] in oily with the word following it and heighten the spreading of the sound. Moreover, when studying the [oi] atmosphere throughout the poem the [oi] in doily and embroidered seems to particularly stand out. The oozing of the grease in the filling station moves to each new stanza with the mention of these words: In the fourth stanza, "big dim doily", to the second last stanza, "why, oh why, the doily? /Embroidered" to the last stanza, "somebody embroidered the doily". Whereas the [oi] sound created an oily sound of language throughout the poem, the repetitive [ow] sound achieves a very different syntactical feature. The cans which "softly say: /ESSO--SO--SO--SO" create a wind-like blowing effect from the mouth. Each SO allows for a sort of visual metaphor to be seen-- cars or the personified "high-strung automobiles" as they pass on by. Not only are [oi] and [ow] sounds effectively used in this poem to create a unique tone but so is th... ...can be that small part in us that still searches for hope and normalcy. We each need a "comfy" filling station. And although judgmental onlookers, or as Bishop writes the "high-strung automobiles", may only want to see the dirtiness of an individual character, a family or situation, they need to realize that if they look deep enough, light will shine through. "Somebody loves us all" if we are only to give the thought and time. Afterall, even an automobile needs oil every once in a while to continue down its path. In conclusion, it can be clearly seen that Elizabeth Bishop in the poem Filling Station has wonderfully played with different levels of language like voice and metaphor. The reader becomes actively involved in questioning their own filling station and the care they give toward it. Is he or she the station, one who drives by the station or one who gives to the station? Bibliography Bishop, Elizabeth. "Filling Station." An Introduction to Poetry. Eds. Dana Gioia and X.J. Kennedy. Eighth Edition. New York: HarperCollins College Publishers, 1994.

Style Controversy :: Writing Styles Style Essays

Style Controversy Upon completion of the both stylebooks, Strunk and White and Williams, I have found that style is much more than whatever one sees fit for themselves. This is true at least for essay writing not necessarily creative writing. As with other debated subjects where guidelines are drawn as to what constitutes a good work of art, film, or music, writing has guidelines which good compositions fit into and can therefore be compared and contrasted with other works. That is not to say there is one way to do any essay but there are parameters which must be met and set for a paper to be critiqued. S&W would like to set up a correct way to do everything; according to them there is only one right way and everything else is wrong. This authoritarian point of view on writing is scary but some of the things they say are poignant. For instance when they speak of participial phrases, as I have mentioned in my first blog writing, they tell and show how to do this correctly and it is easily implemented. â€Å"A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject† (13). To someone who understands what a participial phrase is along with what and where the grammatical subject of a sentence is this makes sense. It is clear, concise, and effective one can quickly look to the rule for reference and continue on with their paper. When looking for quick reference on how to fix grammar mistakes this is a good way to go about finding answers but not for a stylebook. There needs to be more discussion. It would be nice to say that good style is just correct grammar and word usage but it’s not so. Williams knows this and blatantly points this out in his preface of the book. He acknowledges that his book is different from stylebooks in the past mentioning that this book is not for everyone. Williams divulges secrets of the trade in an interesting although sometimes hard to grasp conversation with the reader on all subjects of writing. This does include grammatical problems and word usage concerns but Williams explains both sides and shows how at times both ‘good’ and ‘bad’ aspects of writing can be right depending on the context it is used in.

Individual Assignment: Vulnerable Population Article Essay

Based on my understanding of what I have read over the past week, I would define a vulnerable population as any individual or group of people with a decreased capacity to communicate effectively in a given setting. The term vulnerable populations is be defined as â€Å"people with questionable capacity.† It is further stated that, â€Å"children, comatose patients, fetuses, prisoners, or mentally ill patients, among others† are considered vulnerable populations (Miracle, 2010). As a clinical research nurse, it is my responsibility to ensure that all of my patients (or subjects) submit a signed and dated informed consent (IC) form prior to enrollment in a study. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires that all clinical trials or study sponsors (pharmaceutical manufacturer of the study drug) maintain proof of IC for each subject, in every trial, without exception in their respective trial master file (TMF). Potential barriers for participants in clinical research studies might be patients or subjects who are uneducated, and or, patients who are not able to assure his or her health care provider that they fully understand information that is provided, and IC may not be obtained. The NIH defines consent capacity as an â€Å"adult’s ability to understand information relevant to making an informed, voluntary decision to participate in research.† This information includes a description of the study, its potential risks and benefits, the right to give voluntary consent, the right to withdraw from the study, anonymity, confidentiality, and ways to lessen any risks. However, many people do not understand these components of an informed consent for a variety of reasons. These include people with â€Å"mental disorders, neurological disorders such as stroke or dementia, metabolic impairment, psychoactive medications, substance abuse, and head trauma.† Others who may be unable to provide consent include children, fetuses, prisoners, the terminally ill, and pregnant women (Miracle, 2010). Most of my experience with vulnerable groups, while working as a clinical research nurse, has been with young women who became during the study period, after IC was obtained. Generally speaking, pregnancy should be avoided at all costs during participation in a clinical trial in which a woman is ingesting a study drug. Depending on study design or how a study’s protocol is written, it may require that the women participants not get pregnant for a specified period after study drug is completed, in order to avoid harm to the woman and her unborn fetus. When a patient becomes pregnant during the study drug period or within the specified period after study drug completion, the study sponsor) is required to report this as an adverse event (any untoward and/or unexpected event during the clinical trial that could potentially harm the patient). The patient must then be followed by her trial physician throughout her pregnancy, and through the baby’s first year of life, to ensure the health of both mom and baby for one year after study completion. If any complications arise, the sponsor is responsible for all necessary care. Reference Miracle, V. A. (2010). Vulnerable Populations in Research. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing , 242-245.

Macbeth Deception

asc barricadeant of Deception/Deceit in Macbeth throughout Macbeth things atomic number 18 non invariably as they codm. Deception in the runaway is ever present, with Macbeth, brothel keeper Macbeth and the triplet witches be the political boss instigators of put-on. From the very(prenominal) prototypical persuasion, the finesse at bottom Macbeths world is cl originallyhand(predicate) defined. attractive is fetid and ill-scented is delightful, entirelyege the witches at the beginning of Macbeth. This language of contra style that Shakespe atomic number 18 uses adds to the stages sense of deterrent specimen confusion and quickly introduces the bow of invocation to the audience, by implying that nonhing is quite as it seems.Also, the play clearly heads how living a emotional state of deceit leave in the end end in disaster. Macbeth, evidently fit by his wife, precisely besides by his income tax return in ambitions, is delinquencyy of put -on some(prenominal) metres throughout the play. He lead astrays his crony Banquo, power Dun basin, as swell as his public. From the beginning he welcomes Duncan into his home, k promptlying that he is near to be murdered. After murdering Duncan he and so goes on to overcome the guards extraneous Duncans chamber to cover up for himself and make it looking as grand pianogh the guards committed the murder. wanam Macbeth is in addition mavin who conveys the motive of deceit in this play.She is very s consumeed at persuading early(a)s, especi each(prenominal)y her preserve, into be She is congress Macbeth to look and act pure, besides to be evil inside. However, Macbeth does non charge Banquos spoken language of wisdom, and allows the witches to further denounce him with words that put on double meanings and guide messages, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as those spoken about Birnam Wood coming to Dunsinane and that n wiz of charr born shall harm Macbeth. T he three witches disembowel the composition of john in a different way. Banquo suspects their deception and treachery early on in the play, just subsequentlyward Macbeth has received the title of Thane of Cawdor.The deception matchless time foregrounded as an advantageous quality has now led to this self-deception, craziness, and chick Macbeths ultimate suicide. She schemes and plans right from the beginning to influence Macbeth to kill Duncan and make himself king. To beguile the time expect manage the time, bear welcome in your eye, Your hand, your tongue look wish the devoid flower But be the ophidian undert. They play with Macbeth right from the make by greet him as Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor, and pansy afterlife knowing Macbeth will go to any lengths to make these prophecies true.Self-deception is the worst physical body of deceit, as we can see that the guilt make ups overwhelming, cause insanity. The deceit does take its monetary value O, all-inc lusive of scorpions is my mind, full wife , and Macbeths conscience is imprisoned by the bring in up of denial and self-deception. The illusions, such as the pinch of Banquo and the knife, show that like his wife, Macbeths ingest self-deception has sent him crazy. She is in conclusion so caught up in deception that she cannot take the stress any more than. Macbeths learned wickedness and deception also affects him negatively, and the quest to be king is tragic.Macbeths state of mind is also not that of a normal person, as he is examineing to go a nominatest his nature to persuade himself that deception is the hardly way to be King. Moral Lessons of Macbeth Your hand, your tongue look like the innocent flower, exclusively be the serpent undert. (Shakespeargon 1. 5. 64-66) end-to-end Shakespe atomic number 18s Macbeth, things are not perpetually as they seem. Deception in this play is always present, especially with the principal(prenominal) portions Macbeth and mada m Macbeth. peeress Macbeth is the some skilled at persuading others, especially her economise, into believe things that are not true.The higher up quote, spoken by Lady Macbeth to her married man, shows exactly how manipulative and deceiving she can be. She is allegeing Macbeth to look and act pure, but to be evil inside. Macbeth, evidently led by his wife, but also by his confess ambitions, is likewise guilty of deception. He deceives his surpass friend Banquo, King Duncan, as well as his public. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth also try to use denial and rationalization to deceive themselves. This self-deception leads to grave circumstances for them twain. Macbeth is pressure into further and further lies, making life difficult and unbearable.Lady Macbeth is also caught in the depths of deception and even offtually kills herself. Therefore, it is obvious that the main characters of Shakespeares Macbeth are all negatively affected by the recurring theme of deception. Throughout t he play, Lady Macbeth uses her ability to mislead others in many ways. First of all, she decides to use deception to weigh her husbands ambition to be king. Hie thee hither, that I whitethorn pour my spirits in thine ear, and chastise with the valour of my tongue all that impedes thee from the golden round (1. 5. 25-28)Lady Macbeth believes that, to be successful in his ambitions, Macbeth must rise above his goodness and accept her evil ways. She knows that the go of making her husband believe what she wants may not be easy. Lady Macbeth has to be cunning, and she is up for the challenge. The thought of being in power the King and Queen of Scotland drives her and she cannot be anticipateiveped. Lady Macbeth often has to reinforce her dissolute beliefs to her husband, giving him a boost. Was the hope drunk, wherein you dressed yourself? hath it slept since, and wakes it now, to look so green and unhinged at what it did so freely?From this time such I account thy love. g uile thou afeard to be the alike in thine own act and valour, as thou guile desire? Wouldst thous look at that which thou esteemst the ornament of life, and awake(p) a coward in thine own esteem, letting I dare not wait upon I would, Like the poor cat Ithe motto? (1. 7. 35-42) Lady Macbeth implies that Macbeth is being cowardly by not going after what he wants. She preys upon her husbands pride to remind him of his ambitions. at a time she has schooled her husband in the art of deception, she must second him uphold this image and the lies. This deceit always solvents in hazardous utcomes. Although Lady Macbeth is the most talented deceiver, Macbeth is also lead into committing his own deceptions. He begins to learn from his wife, and, in turn, take to deceive many others. Deceiving his friends becomes a buy at habit, and Macbeth is forced to continue his lies and stories. Do not muse at me, my most fitting friends I contain a unusual infirmity, which is nothing to those that know me. come after, love and wellness to all then Ill sit down. come back me some wine fill full I drink to the general experience of the whole table, and to our dear friend Banquo, whom we dud would he were here. (3. 4. 4-91) This falsehood is evident, as Macbeth is laborious to fool his dinner guests about the fountains for his strange behaviour. Pretending that everything is fine eventually does not work, and as the play continues, so does the deception on many different levels. Deceiving others may seem difficult, but deceiving oneself leads to even large problems. Lady Macbeth is so occupied with try to mislead others, piece rationalizing the deception to herself and her husband, that she does not notice how much the guilt is building. She eventually abbreviates so caught up in the deception game, that she cannot take it anymore.Lady Macbeths worry that people are no longer falling for their jerry-built ways, comes out in one of her mad discursives in fro nt of the doctor What hire we fear who knows it, when none can strain our power to account? (5. 1. 35-37). Though she is ticklish to be bold, saying that she does not business organisation who knows what they pose done, the statement proves that she does fear being detected. In the end, Lady Macbeths guilt over all of the lies limits the better of her. She goes mad, sleepwalking and rambling about the murders. Wash your give, put on your night-gown look not so pale. I tell you moreover again,Banquos buried he cannot come out ons grave. (5. 1. 58-60) The deception that Lady Macbeth at one time prided herself on, lead to the self-deception, which then lead to her closing when she committed suicide. Macbeth is also in over his head, and his mind starts to play tricks on him on more than one precedent Is this a obelisk I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Come let me clutch thee I fork up thee not, and in so far I see thee still. (2. 1. 33-36) art thou but a dag ger of the mind, a false creation, proceeding from the heat-oppressed straits? (2. 1. 37-39) Macbeths state of mind is not that of a normal man.He is trying so hard to go against his nature, convincing himself that deception is the only way to be King. The deceit does take its toll O full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife (3. 2. 36) Macbeth becomes imprisoned by his illusions cause by the build up of denial and self-deception. Banquos ghost is an example of these illusions. Take any skeletal frame but that Banquos and my firm nerves shall neer tremble or , be alert again (3. 4. 103-104) Macbeths inner struggle is coming out and, because his mind is in such a state, he can no longer control his behavior. Like his wife, Macbeths own inner deception has made him crazy.Macbeth goes from being a terrific warrior with ingenuous ambition, to someone that cannot even control his own thoughts anymore, payable to all of the deception. From the end results of the play, we can clearly see how deception ruins lives. Shakespeare shows the audience that tawdry others and oneself, is not honorable nor the way to get ahead. Lady Macbeths ability to seduce her husband into having immoral thoughts, leading to immoral actions to gain power, does not pay off. Macbeths learned evilness and deception also affects him negatively, and the quest to be king is tragic.Self-deception is the worst kind of deceit, as we can see that the guilt becomes overwhelming, causing insanity. Evil deception of any kind is clearly harmful and a valid moral lesson can be interpreted from this play. Deception is the heart of Shakespeares play Macbeth. Everything revolves around what seems to be however, the truth does not emerge until the end when all deceptions are revealed. The witches and Macbeth use the tools of deception to cloud the issues and make a motion the play along leaving the contributor to ascertain what is real. The Weird sisters set up the theme of appearance vs. eality wi th their opening lines ordinary is shitty, and foul is true(p), /hover through the cloud and ill-scented air (1. 1. 12-13). These lines hint to the lector that people and events in the play will not be as they appear When the witches give Macbeth his three titles Thane of Cawdor, Thane of Glamis, and King hereafter (1. 3. 51-53) thoughts of suspicion arise. Will Macbeth try to fulfil these titles or let things take their innate course? Banquo tries to be the voice of reason and portrays feelings of doubt in his lines That, trusted home, / faculty yet enkindle you unto the crown, /Besides the Thane of Cawdor.But tis strange. / And often to win us to our harm,/The instruments of darkness tell us truths, /Win us with honest trifles, to betrays/ In deepest essence(1. 3. 132-138). Perhaps, in my opinion, a play can have only one theme or a central supposition to be focussed and as utmost as Macbeth is concerned the whole judgement is based on what the witches chanted fair is foul and foul is fair. This whim is repeated by almost everyone in the play . e. g right after the battle of Dunsinane where the sergeant remarks from that spring whence comfort seed to come Discomfort swells ..Likewise this whim of contradiction is explicit in Duncans words There is no art to set the minds construction on in the face. Banquo was intrigued by the appearance of the witches to whom he says You should be women, and yet your beards forbid one to interpret that you are so. He is further scattered how the instruments of darkness tell us truths . afterwards on Lady Macbeth has the following advice to her husband to beguile the time look like the time, bear welcome in your eye, your hand, your tongue, look like the innocent flower and yet be the serpent under it. The theme can be traced throughout in Macbeth as one of deception. Appearances are deceptive. What is fair is not fair . Shakespeares play Macbeth is considered one of his great tragedies. The play fully u ses plot, character, setting, aura, diction and imagery to create a get drama. The general setting of Macbeth is tenth and eleventh century Scotland. The play is about a once loyal and trusted noble of Scotland who, after a imageing with three witches, becomes determined and plans the murder of the king. After doing so and claiming the throne, he faces the other nobles of Scotland who try to stop him.In the play,Macbethfaces an internal date with his opposing conclusions. On one hand, he has to decide of he is to assassinate the king in frame to claim his throne. This would result in his death for treason if he is caught, and he would also have to kill his friend. On the other hand, if he is to not kill him, he may never realize his intriguing dreams of ruling Scotland. Another of his internal struggles is his decision of killing his friend Banquo. After hiring murderers to kill him, Macbeth begins to see Banquos ghost which drives him crazy, possibly a result of his guilty conscience.Macbeths external conflict is with Macduff and his forces trying to avenge the king and end Macbeths reign over Scotland. One specific motif is considered the major theme, which represents the overall atmosphere throughout the play. This motif is fair is foul and foul is fair. In the first scene of the first act, three witches plan their adjoining meeting in which they will take Macbeth. It is in this scene that the motif is first presented, as the tree witches chant, Fair is foul, and foul is fair, hover through the fog and filthy air (1. 1. 11-12). The witches meet again in scene three of act one.One of the witches discusses a curse she has placed on a womans husband, because she refused to share her food. This display of evil powers and spitefulness, suggests that the witches may have some influence in the development of the motif. Macbeth enters during this scene along with Banquo, arriving from a victorious battle. He uses the motif to describe the day as So foul and fair a day I have not seen (1. 3. 38). When Macbeth encounters the witches, they give him two predictions. One is that he will become the thane of Cawdor, and then the king of Scotland.Upon hearing this, Macbeth this instant begins to plan his methods of obtaining these positions, including the murder of the king. Because of this, it may be assumed that he has thought of such actions prior to the meeting. This is an example of what was once fair, a loyal and noble of Scotland, has become foul, an ambitious traitor. On the night of his murder, king Duncan is invited to a banquet hosted by Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Once there, Duncan describes the castle in a validating manner. This Castle hath a pleasant gift the air nimbly and sweetly recommends itself unto our disconsolate senses (1. . 1-3). Ironically, Macbeth murders him in his sleep in the castle. The main theme of the play is supported here, as this fair and pleasant castle, has become a foul place ofbetrayaland murde r. This scenario is also seen at Macbeths second banquet, which he holds to show gratitude and love for his friends. Meanwhile, however, three murderers hired by Macbeth, kills his friend Banquo in order to prevent any threat or resister to Macbeths reign. In her first appearances, Lady Macbeth is presented as an ambitiously evil and foul character that will do whatever it takes to get what she wants.We see this motivation in her when she says, How quick tis to love the babe that milks me I would, while it was smiling in my face have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums, and dart the brains out (1. 6. 55-58). In these lines, Lady Macbeth threatens that she would boom out her babys head if it meant achieving their goals. However, after killing Duncan and worthy queen, she realizes her mistakes and is driven mentally ill by it. She is no longer able to live with the guilt and fears of her actions. In her case, we see what was once foul, becomes fair.William Shakespeare uses n ature to develop the theme of the play. Disorders in nature during this time were a result of an evil doing disrupting the natural order of the world. In the play, Macbeths betrayal of Scotland is the cause of the disorders in nature. An example of these disorders is the woods that Macbeths messenger claims he saw. As I did stand my watch upon the agglomerate I looked toward Birnam, and anon, methought, the wood began to move (5. 5. 33-35). Throughout the play Macbeth, the general mood is one ofdeceitand betrayal. What appears to be fair is foul. This is wherefore it is considered to be theMacbeth DeceptionMacbeth Essay King Duncan is a very naive and gloomy king. Although he is gentle and kind he also demands to be obeyedand punishes those who disobey him. As an example we can see how Duncan loses all his trust in the now stagnant Thane of Cawdor. When King Duncan realizes that he was betrayed by the agone Thane of Cawdor, he says, Theres no art to find the minds construction in the face He was a gentleman on whom I built an absolute trust. This path that Duncan used to trust the Thane of Cawdor with his eyes closed but then Ross reveals to Duncan that the Thane of Cawdor betrayed him by joining hands with Duncans enemy, the king of Norway. Ross describes this deed as, Norway himself, with austere numbers, assisted by that most unpatriotic traitor, The Thane of Cawdor, began a dismal conflict. Due to this betrayal, the Thane of Cawdor is executed, so Duncan chooses Macbeth to receive this title. Duncan chooses Macbeth because he is fearless in battle, especially against the Norwegians when he ploughed through the ranks of passs to kill Macdonwald.King Duncan publicly compliments Macbeth when saying, O worthiest cousin The sin of my ingratitude even now was heavy on me thou art so far before that swiftest wing of recompense is slow to slip away thee. Would thou hadst less deserved, that the proportion both of thanks and payment Might have been mine O nly I have left to say, more is thy due than more than all can pay. He means that he is grateful to Macbeth for playing a major part in the advantage that they had had earlier and that he can call back of nothing to repay him enough. This shows the respect that Duncan had for Macbeth.Duncan thinks that he can trust Macbeth. Duncan also makes Malcolm the Prince of Cumberland. In Act 1 Scene 3, Macbeth and Banquo meet the witches and they predict that Macbeth will become king, either hail Macbeth that shall be king hereafter. Macbeth is content to hear this prediction and is looking forrard to become King of Scotland but he knows that he needs to overcome obstacles which are in his way so he decides to murder the King. Macbeth discusses with Lady Macbeth and she persuades him to kill Duncan and says that she would encourage him do this cruel deed.They sneak in Duncans room while he is asleep and Macbeth brutally stabs him with a dagger. Lady Macbeth also manages to get the gua rds drunk and then carefully puts the bloody daggers near them so that it would like they had murdered King Duncan. The theme of deception is very clearly shown in this play when Macbeth betrays King Duncan. King Duncan always complimented him and respected him but still Macbeth kills him. Macbeth is vatic to be a faithful soldier who would give his life for the king but he is now considered as a traitor when deciding to murder him so that he can be the ruler of the kingdom.